Abstract: The exponential growth of online textual content across diverse domains has necessitated advanced methods for automated text classification. Large Language Models (LLMs) based on transformer ...
1 Department of Computer and Instructional Technologies Education, Gazi Faculty of Education, Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye. 2 Department of Forensic Informatics, Institute of Informatics, Gazi ...
Abstract: Automated classification of learner-generated text to identify behavior, emotion, and cognition indicators, collectively known as learning engagement classification (LEC), has received ...